This study investigated heavy metal contamination levels and the related genetic
differentiation in Limnocharis flava and Marsilea crenata near a municipal landfill
compared with those in a reference area using inductively coupled plasma optical emission
spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analysis. With the
exception of Mn concentration in the water, the heavy metal concentrations (As, Cd, Pb,
Cr, Mn and Zn) in the water and sediment of the landfi ll and reference areas were lower
than the standards of Thailand. The heavy metal concentrations in the sediment from the
landfi ll area were signifi cantly higher than those from the reference area, except for Mn.
In L. fl ava and M. crenata from both areas, As, Pb and Cr concentrations were higher than
the food standards of FAO/WHO. In the landfi ll area, the highest bioaccumulation factor
(BAF) values for As (3.92 ± 0.80), Cd (3.23 ± 0.77), Pb (1.51 ± 0.08) and Mn (1.47 ± 0.46)
were found in M. crenata. The highest BAF values for Cr (0.80 ± 0.60) and Zn (6.97 ± 0.47) were
found in L. flava. The genetic similarity values ranged from 0.56 - 0.99 in L. flava
and from 0.71 - 0.98 in M. crenata. This result suggested that the heavy metal
concentrations in the 2 aquatic plant species might be a factor in genetic diff erentiation.
M. crenata might be better able than L. fl ava to endure the harsh conditions and adapt to survive in the
municipal landfi ll area. M. crenata is suggested for use in phytoremediation of As, Cd, Pb and Mn.
Keywords
Limnocharis fl ava; Marsilea crenata; Heavy metal; ISSR marker; DNA change
ENIVRONMENT ASIA
Published by : Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment Contributions welcome at : http://www.tshe.org/en/
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