Rice stubble is an agricultural waste with 30.67% yield of cellulose (90.05% α-cellulose content) to be synthesized as
carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Hemicellulose and lignin were first removed and later rice stubble cellulose was swollen in
30% NaOH and isopropanol as a solvent. Synthesis conditions such as chloroacetic acid content (5–7 g in 5 g of alkali cellulose),
reaction temperature (50 and 70 C) and time (180, 270 and 360 min) were investigated to obtain CMC from rice stubble
(CMCr). The 7 g of chloroacetic acid at 50C for 180 min provided the best quality of CMCr based on 5 g of rice stubble cellulose
with degree of substitution, viscosity and purity of 0.64, 36.03 cP and 90.18%, respectively. The presence of carboxymethyl
substituents was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. CMCr showed commercially low viscosity material and
possibly used as a film forming packaging material for food and pharmaceutical products.
Keywords
rice stubble, waste, carboxymethyl cellulose, degree of substitution, purity
SONGKLANAKARIN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Published by : Prince of Songkla University Contributions welcome at : http://rdo.psu.ac.th
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